ABSTRACT
@#Aims: Mycorrhiza has an important role as a biocontrol agent. Its association with Phalaenopsis amabilis was molecularly identified through rDNA-ITS sequence analysis. The aims of the study were to identify molecular of orchids mycorrhiza isolate from native tropical orchids in Indonesia, conducted as one of native orchid conservation efforts in Indonesia. Methodology and results: One group of Ceratobasidium were isolated from the root of orchid plant in Yogyakarta based on morphological and microscopical analysis. The results of molecular analysis showed 600-750 bp of DNA products located on the ITS1-5.8S-ITS4 region. The sequenced products showed insertion and substitution occurances, which may result in strain diversity and possible variation. Reconstruction of phylogenetic trees using Maximum Parsimony and Bootstrap-1000 approach showed showed the Indonesian isolate is at the basal clade and already far apart from the other isolates. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: Isolate Ceratobasidium from Yogyakarta, Indonesia successfully isolated based on identification of rDNA-ITS sequences. Results of this study were expected to become the basic information in an effort of native orchid cultivation and protection against infectious diseases in Indonesia. The study was the first to report regarding Ceratobasidium isolated from native tropical orchids in Indonesia.
ABSTRACT
Aim: The existence of Orchid Mycorrhizal Fungi (OMF) has a role to stimulate growth and support the supply of orchid nutrition as a biofertilizer agent. This study aimed to determine the association of mycorrhizal with Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume which was carried out through the effectiveness test of two Indonesian orchid mycorrhizal isolates i.e. Ceratorhiza and Trichoderma. Study Design: This study consisted of 4 treatments. Each treatment was repeated 3 times, each repetition of 5 plantlets, so that the total plantlet used was 60. Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia, between June 2017 and April 2018. Methodology: The method of inoculating orchid mycorrhizal by placing a plantlet in a petri dish containing orchid mycorrhizal for 1, 2, 3, and 4 days. Then plantlets are grown on sterile moss growing media and acclimatized in a greenhouse. Observation of each treatment is carried out every day for the next month. Observation variables include the number of initial and final roots, the number of live and dead roots, and the number of living and dead plants. Results: The results of the orchid mycorrhizal induction test showed that the Ceratorhiza inoculation treatment showed a fluctuation in the mean increase in the number of final roots, live roots, dead roots, and dead plantlets that were higher than the Trichoderma inoculation treatment. The results also showed that the best inoculation time on Ceratorhiza and Trichoderma was day 3 and 4. The adaptation process had the effect of increasing the number of dead roots in weeks 1 and 2. The adaptation process stopped at the beginning of week 4 with the number of new roots appearing a lot. Conclusion: Orchid mycorrhizal Ceratorhiza shows the value of effectiveness test compared with Trichoderma. The results of this study are expected to be basic information in efforts to cultivate natural orchids in Indonesia.